A new GRASS GIS toolkit for Hortonian analysis of drainage networks

The aim of this paper is to present a new GRASS GIS toolset designed for Hortonian analysis of drainage networks. The r.stream toolset uses a multiple flow direction algorithm for stream network extraction as well as for calculating other hydrogeomorphological features in the catchment’s area. As all GRASS GIS toolsets, r.stream consists of several separate modules that can extract stream networks from a spectrum of accumulation maps, order the extracted network using several ordering methods, do advanced modeling of basin’s boundary, perform Hortonian statistics, calculate additional parameters such as flow path distance to watershed elements, partition ordered and unordered networks into nearstraight-line sectors, and calculate sector directions. The package is free and open-source software, available for GRASS version 6.4 and later. & 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.